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br Conclusion In this review we
2019-12-19
Conclusion In this review, we have discussed how inhibition of the CK2/CDK5 signaling axis protects WM only when inhibited before ischemia, while inhibition of the CK2/AKT/GSK3β signaling axis protects WM either before or after an ischemic injury in young, aging, and old WM (Fig. 3). CK2 activati
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Estrogen related receptors ERRs are orphan nuclear receptors
2019-12-19
Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are orphan nuclear receptors and have three members including ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ (Yasumoto et al., 2007). Though they are termed as ERRs due to the sequence homology with estrogen receptors, they don’t need to bind estrogens to exert action. Generally, ERRs bind t
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Vanoxerine australia Moreover considering that several polyp
2019-12-19
Moreover, considering that Vanoxerine australia several polyphenols and flavonoids (i.e. chalcones, flavanones, resveratrol derivatives, ellagic acid) are reported to inhibit tyrosinase and elastase (Pillaiyar et al., 2017; Xing et al., 2016; Wittenauer et al., 2015), the relations between enzyme in
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br DDR receptor and MMP expression Type II collagen protein
2019-12-19
DDR2 receptor and MMP-13 expression Type II collagen protein in articular cartilage is highly stable structure as its half-life is 117 years [43]. The chondrocytes have limited ability to synthesis type II collagen protein in the matrix of mature articular cartilage once the collagen gets disrupt
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Imatinib STI is a first line tyrosine
2019-12-19
Imatinib (STI-571) is a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeted at breakpoint cluster region-Abelson kinase (ABL) for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) [26]. As a type II inhibitor, imatinib achieves significant selectivity by binding to an inactive DFG-out conformation (DF
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In some cases more than one CYP
2019-12-19
In some cases, more than one CYP450 enzyme may be involved in the metabolism of a drug, and an Eadie–Hofstee plot is usually more reliable for assessing the involvement of multiple 001 2 (Bu, 2006). Therefore, we first plotted the Eadie–Hofstee curves and observed their shape to determine the kinet
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Besides EGFR other tyrosine kinase receptors are currently g
2019-12-19
Besides EGFR, other tyrosine kinase receptors are currently gaining attention as potential therapeutic targets. Included among these is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, which is involved in the progression of a variety of cancers.7, 8, 9, 10, 11 In lung cancer, fibroblast growth
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The intracellular redox situation of MC T E cells
2019-12-19
The intracellular redox situation of MC3T3-E1 Ion Channel Compound Library after exposure with fluoride has been investigated and results revealed that the generation of ROS increased at a concentration-dependent manner, which indicated that NaF induced oxidative stress damage in MC3T3-E1 cells. Fl
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A number of chemical strategies have been
2019-12-18
A number of chemical strategies have been developed to design activatable optical imaging probes and have been summarized in several excellent reviews 11., 12., 13., 14., 15.. Fluorogenic enzyme substrates are one of the most explored activatable probe types for enzyme detection. These probes contai
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In this paper we describe a facile
2019-12-18
In this paper, we describe a facile and universal method for in situ crosslinking of DNA micelles, using spherically directed reduction of metal ions. As shown in Scheme 1A, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) consisting of a ligand domain, a template domain, and a lipid domain was designed as a monomer t
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Instead of receptor interaction or GT
2019-12-18
Instead of receptor interaction or GT activity, we focused on the CPD and autoprocessing. The CPDs from the 2 toxins are highly homologous: each cysteine protease targets an intramolecular substrate and mediates InsP6-induced autoprocessing to release the GTD into host cytosol.40, 41 However, TcdB i
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P has three subfamilies CYP CYP and CYP which contribute
2019-12-18
P450 has three subfamilies (CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3), which contribute largely to the oxidative biotransformation of xenobiotics that include most drugs, dietary chemicals, and environmental pollutants. The CYP1 enzymes have great importance in the bioactivation of mutagens and its isoforms are capable
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br Cyclin dependent kinases control more than cell
2019-12-18
Cyclin-dependent kinases control more than cell cycle CDKs’ roles conducting the concert of BGJ398 was first revealed in the context of the tumor suppressor Rb, phosphorylation of which by CDK4 or CDK6 inactivates it loosing the transcription factor E2F [1], [12], [15]. Discovery of other cyclin
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Metformin Khan et al investigatedAnomalin a pyranocoumarin c
2019-12-18
Khan et al. investigatedAnomalin 44, a pyranocoumarin constituent of S. divaricata, which exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity. The anomalin 44 dose-dependently inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and protein expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7
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The assessment process is even
2019-12-18
The assessment process is even more difficult when Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components – whose internals are partially or totally unknown – come into play. COTS are being increasingly used by the industry to reduce costs and to shorten development (and possibly deployment) time. However, sinc
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