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Cy7 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated) Research using animal m
2020-07-31

Research using animal models has indicated a critical role for the interaction between dopaminergic activity in the prefrontal cortex and striatum in set-shifting. Specifically, cognitive flexibility is impaired by a combination of decreased prefrontal dopamine (DA) and elevated striatal DA, while c
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Cannabis use is exceedingly common Bahorik et al and
2020-07-31

Cannabis use is exceedingly common ((Bahorik et al., 2014) 8%) and overwhelming evidence suggests that, especially during adolescence, it represents a major risk factor for psychosis (Gage et al., 2016), associated with earlier onset and more pronounced symptoms (Arseneault et al., 2002, 2004). More
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Structural comparison of PcP H with PPHD
2020-07-31

Structural comparison of PcP4H1 with PPHD and human HIF1α-PHD2 reveals that DSBH core fold, Fe2+ and 2-oxoglutarate Cy5 amine (non-sulfonated) are all conserved. The low affinity of PcP4H1 for 2-oxyglutarate (550 mM) relative to the K value of 2-oxoglutarate for PPHD (400 μM) [13] suggests that othe
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A key inciting event in atherosclerosis is the
2020-07-30

A key inciting event in atherosclerosis is the deposition of circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the subendothelial space of major arteries. In the subendothelium, native LDL is no longer protected by circulating antioxidants and is oxidatively modified to oxidized LDL (OxLDL) [5]. OxLDL is
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RING type dimers are generally formed in one of two
2020-07-30

RING-type dimers are generally formed in one of two ways: 1) sequences outside the RING are primarily responsible for dimerization; or 2) the RING per se is responsible for dimerization. In both types, the two RINGs are positioned such that the E2 binding surfaces face away from each other (see Fig.
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Unwinding of dsDNA by RecBCD involves
2020-07-30

Unwinding of dsDNA by RecBCD involves an intimate coordination between subunits, and is proposed to occur in several sequential steps, utilizing a quantum inchworm mechanism. First, the enzyme binds to dsDNA ends with the leading domain of RecB reaching out 23 nt ahead of the ssDNA/dsDNA junction. H
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Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase DHODH is the enzyme which catal
2020-07-30

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is the enzyme which catalyses the rate-limiting fourth step of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. DHODH catalyses the oxidation of dihydroorotate (DHO) to orotate a ‘ping-pong’ mechanism., , , In both human and DHODH, this oxidation is coupled to the
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Cryptosporidium is a protist causing serious
2020-07-30

Cryptosporidium is a protist causing serious diarrhea in humans and other animals (Bouzid et al. 2013). In its mitosomes, the most reduced forms of mitochondria, it is assumed that the membrane potential is generated by a simple respiratory chain consisting of transhydrogenase, type II NADH dehydrog
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The various types of Ca channels present in
2020-07-30

The various types of Ca2+ PF-04620110 present in acidic organelles support their role as bona fide Ca2+ stores involved in Ca2+ signaling [147,149,[157], [158], [159]]. Moreover, it is important to observe that with respect to intracellular Ca2+ signaling, ER and lysosomes do not function independen
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br Author contributions br Conflicts of interest br Acknowle
2020-07-30

Author contributions Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments Introduction Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs, such as LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) are inflammatory lipid mediators involved, via activation of CysLT1 receptors, in various pathophysiological conditions, including airway smooth muscle co
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CYP A is involved in
2020-07-30

CYP3A is involved in the enzymatic L189 of many therapeutic agents [29]. The activity of BFCOD has been used to monitor CYP3A activity in humans [30], pigs [31], mice [32], and fish [23]. The predominant isoform expressed in the human liver is CYP3A4 [33]. In pigs, CYP3A29 contributes most to CYP3A
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Nonmelanoma skin
2020-07-30

Acknowledgements Introduction Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer in fair skinned populations. Exposure to UV radiation, along with fair skin, immune status and HPV infection, are the greatest risk factors (Akgul et al., 2006a, Feltkamp et al., 2008). A link between HPV in
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We further examined our hypothesis that the activation of CR
2020-07-30

We further examined our hypothesis that the activation of CRF and CCK systems is responsible for the enhanced anxiety-like behavior induced by immobilization stress using two antagonists to block the expression of CRF1 and CCK2 receptors. It was found that CCK2 receptor antagonist CR2945 or CRF1 ant
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The substrates carnitine L hydroxy N N N trimethylaminobutyr
2020-07-30

The substrates carnitine (L-3-hydroxy-4-N,N,N-trimethylaminobutyrate, C7H15NO3) and choline (2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethaneaminium, C5H14NO) are quite similar (Fig. 2). The major difference being the presence of a carboxyl unit in carnitine, and hence a quaternary carbon in position 3. Of the stere
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The relationship between the hazard function and the
2020-07-30

The relationship between the hazard function and the survivor function (see more details in Allison\'s textbook [1]) is described as or as Hence, we can estimate the survival probability from the hazard function. In survival analysis, the hazard function can be represented by any probability distrib
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