• Targeting a specific cell type rather than

  2021-08-06

  

  Targeting a specific cell type, rather than the broad cytotoxicity exhibited by some of the pharmacological agents currently used to treat lupus, may improve efficacy and decrease off target toxicity. Thus, evidence that macrophages and microglia are important to the pathogenesis of LN and NPSLE, re

• br Methods br Results br

  2021-08-06

  

  Methods Results Discussion The lowest intra-CeA dose of R278995/CRA0450 that prevented the elevations in INO-1001 reward thresholds associated with nicotine withdrawal was 0.05μg/side (0.1μg total bilateral dose). The total bilateral dose in the present study is 100 times lower than the low

• Significantly elevated levels of DNA damage observed in peri

  2021-08-05

  

  Significantly elevated levels of DNA damage observed in peripheral blood of tea garden women workers indicate the occupational exposure. The same was observed in cholinesterase activities, which detected lower activity in the exposed group compared to non-exposed. Large volumes of pesticides are use

• Introduction Angiotensin II Ang II and

  2021-08-05

  

  Introduction Angiotensin II (Ang II) and Endothelin 1 (ET-1) are potent vasoconstrictive peptides recognized as key players in many cardiovascular diseases [1]. Cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic arrhythmia, and stroke have been associated to an overstimulation of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) recepto

• In humans the ER is encoded by the gene

  2021-08-05

  

  In humans, the ERα is encoded by the gene ESR1, located on chromosome 6, locus 6q25.1 (Gosden, Middleton, & Rout, 1986). In addition to the full-length ERα isoform (66kDa), several shorter isoforms (36kDa, 46kDa) have been identified as a result of the presence of alternate start codons, or as produ

• It is now well accepted that increased local

  2021-08-05

  

  It is now well accepted that increased local estrogen levels are associated with both the onset and growth of breast cancer. Tissue concentrations of estradiol (E2) in breast cancer are 10 times higher than that found in plasma [12]. Breast cancer tissues also contain increased activity and expressi

• Our previous high throughput screening HTS campaign using au

  2021-08-05

  

  Our previous high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign using automated, robust, and sensitive fluorescence based 5'-Iodoresiniferatoxin mg assay [10], [11] led to the identification of several EPAC specific inhibitors (ESIs), and was subsequently followed by extensive hit-to-lead optimizations [20],

• Nitric oxide synthase NOS is

  2021-08-05

  

  Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is a predominant enzyme of immune system, which elaborates nitric oxide (NO) from the amino Cy5 Firefly Luciferase mRNA mg arginine (Arg). NO mediates vasodilatation, blood pressure regulation, neurotransmission, host defense, and macrophage-mediated immunity, among an a

• br Clinical potential of ET

  2021-08-05

  

  Clinical potential of ET receptor biased ligands Is there a clinical need for ET receptor biased ligands? Evidence is strongest from research in epithelial ovarian cancer demonstrating that ET-1 stimulated ETA-mediated β-arrestin signalling leads to activation of the oncogenic mediator NF-κB [21]

• Celiac disease occurs in the small intestine due

  2021-08-05

  

  Celiac disease occurs in the small intestine due to the ingestion of gluten and triggers an immune response by T-cells resulting in tissue remodelling and malnutrition [6]. Earlier studies by many researchers have shown that the prolamins of gluten are the toxic agent for celiac disease, since they

• Although the reasons why viral RNA

  2021-08-05

  

  Although the reasons why viral RNA does not bind to and activate PKR in WNV-infected cells are not known, some of the known characteristics of flavivirus infections provide possible clues. The viral Ellipticine australia protein forms dimers that associate with ER membranes and viral RNA (Lindenbach

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2021-08-05

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Our results based on the Y2H analysis between the U-box-motif region of E3s and the UBC domain of E2s showed that, among 40 rice E2s, 11 E2s accounted for 70% of the interactions with 17 ARM-U-box E3 Ub-ligases (Fig. 2, Fig. 3). These 11 E2s belong t

• In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins DUB

  2021-08-05

  

  In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins, DUBs can also cleave between ubiquitin moieties within a polyubiquitin chain to edit the ubiquitin signal. DUBs employ different strategies to recognize polyubiquitin (Figure 1). DUBs that rely only on interactions on the S1 site tend to be f

• Elevated DPP activity has been strongly associated with

  2021-08-05

  

  Elevated DPP-4 activity has been strongly associated with diabetes mellitus, IR (Röhrborn et al., 2015), metabolic syndrome (Lamers et al., 2011) and inflammation (Zhong et al., 2015). However, report has it that GC exposure increases DPP-4activity in thymocyte homogenates (Kraml et al., 2003) but t

• br Experimental Procedures br Author Contributions br Acknow

  2021-08-05

  

  Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments Research in the Davis laboratory was supported by grants 4R37NS019904, 5R01NS052351, and 1R35NS097224 from NINDS. Research in the Martemyanov laboratory was supported by grants DA036596 and DA026405 from NIDA, and MH105482 from NI

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