• Y 134 Songbirds are outstanding models in

  2025-01-08

  

  Songbirds are outstanding models in the study of vocal communication (Maney and Pinaud, 2011). Following the pioneering studies of William H. Thorpe and Peter Marler on the development of song in chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) and white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) (Marler, 2004; Thorp

• While increased arginase levels has

  2025-01-08

  

  While increased arginase levels has been shown in animal models and in humans with cardiovascular dysfunction [16], [22], [23], it is unknown whether plasma levels or activity of Arginase may predict ED risk. In addition, recent evidence suggests that plasma l-arginine hydrolysis by arginases limits

• Recent retrospective cohort studies have supported these pre

  2025-01-07

  

  Recent retrospective cohort studies have supported these preclinical findings in animals indicating the correlation of AR activation with the induction of 6-Bnz-cAMP sodium salt carcinogenesis. First, men with prostate cancer who underwent androgen deprivation therapy were shown to have a significa

• br Author contributions br Financial disclosures br Acknowle

  2025-01-07

  

  Author contributions Financial disclosures Acknowledgements We thank Ms. Eva So for the editorial assistance. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81622015, 81571042 and 81501143) and the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2

• In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein express

  2025-01-07

  

  In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein expression of leukocyte 12/15-LO that paralleled the metabolic decline characterized by severe hyperglycemia and reduced islet numbers. Similar increase in 12/15-LO expression by Western blot was found in the control mice, which have a normal meta

• The diversity of metabolic adaptations

  2025-01-07

  

  The diversity of metabolic adaptations employed by cancer cells in response to rapidly changing conditions, contributes to their biological aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance by enabling them to proliferate when nutrients are plentiful and to shift their resources to survival when nutrients a

• br Materials and Methods br Results br Discussion Voluminous

  2025-01-07

  

  Materials and Methods Results Discussion Voluminous literature is available describing the regulation of Recombinant rat somatomedin C homeostasis by central and peripheral mechanisms in poultry [35,36]. However, the neuroendocrine mechanism(s) of photoperiod induced hypothalamic regulatio

• br Acknowledgement br Introduction There has

  2025-01-07

  

  Acknowledgement Introduction There has been great progress in the treatment of autoimmune disease during the past several decades. However, the majority of autoimmune diseases have no known cure. B lymphocytes and autoantibodies play important roles in many autoimmune diseases, including rheum

• Until now there are no

  2025-01-07

  

  Until now, there are no report regarding the relationship of CD21 and MG. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the AchR specified MLN4924 and investigated the role of CD21 in immunopathogenesis of MG. We utilized the Allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated AchR to measure the frequencies of AchR

• The results show that a tonic action of ACh

  2025-01-07

  

  The results show that a tonic action of ACh on respiration is lacking. However, it is clear that muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms can modulate both eupneic breathing and the cough reflex. When these mechanisms are brought into action is obscure and only tentative proposals can be advanced. ACh in t

• br Dihydrotestosterone in adult fish and frogs br

  2025-01-07

  

  Dihydrotestosterone in adult fish and frogs New perspectives and next directions Similar to other androgens, DHT can modulate reproductive endpoints in both fish and amphibians. However, predicting the effects of DHT can be challenging, as reproductive homeostasis is dependent upon the balance

• br Concluding Remarks and Future Directions The physiologica

  2025-01-06

  

  Concluding Remarks and Future Directions The physiological significance of autophagy in neuronal function is steadily emerging. The studies discussed herein reveal that key neuronal functions, such as neurotransmitter release, pruning of dendritic spines, and behavioural outputs of neural networ

• Introduction An association of elevated branched chain amino

  2025-01-06

  

  Introduction An association of elevated branched-chain Estradiol (BCAA—Leu, Val, Ile) with obesity and insulin resistance was first reported nearly 50 years ago (Felig et al., 1969). With the advent of metabolomics technologies, it has since become apparent that the association of BCAA and related

• Thirdly and finally multiple studies have analyzed the activ

  2025-01-06

  

  Thirdly and finally, multiple studies have analyzed the activation of neurons in the auditory telencephalic areas of songbirds in response to various auditory stimuli. Neuronal activation was identified by the increased expression of immediate early genes such as fos or ZENK (also know as zif-268, e

• nucleotide triphosphates br Acknowledgements This study was

  2025-01-06

  

  Acknowledgements This study was funded the Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine through the research program FIRM/RSF/CoFoRD (Reference: 13 F 462). The authors declare no conflict of interest. Introduction Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the major treatment methods among patients

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